In Internal Combustion Engine, some particular terms are used to describe the process.
For example, carburetion, scavenging, firing order, detonation, etc.
Actually, these terms are the one word for that particular activity.
It might possible, that an automobile engineering or mechanical engineering concern person is well familiar with these terms.
Here I am sharing the information on I.C. Engine Terms, keeping in mind a common person. Hence, everyone will get familiar with these important terms.
The process of breaking up the fuel into minute particles and mixing it with air is called “Carburetion”.
This term is mostly used in the internal combustion engine, which has a low compression ratio and which uses highly volatile liquid fuels such as petrol.
The process of breaking up fuel into minute particles is known as “Atomization“.
A carburetor is a device where all the carburetion takes place.
“Scavenging” is the process of removing burnt exhaust gases from the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder.
In a four-stroke cycle engine, the piston pushes the burnt gases to the exhaust manifold during its exhaust stroke.
In the two-stroke cycle engine, a blast of fresh charge is made to enter at a higher Velocity into a combustion chamber at the end of the working stroke and thus drives out burnt exhaust gases.
Recommended Reading: 3 Different Basic Methods of Scavenging used in I. C. Engine
“Compensation” is the process of providing additional fuel or reducing the fuel by certain means.
It will correct the mixture strength to meet the varying nature of speeds and load on the engines.
This process is mostly used in simple carburetors especially used for automotive purposes.
The sequences in which firing or power impulses occur in an internal combustion engine are called “Firing Order”.
In this term, the firing order should be such that there is always a proper balance and it does not cause vibrations.
Some sudden and violent knocks are experienced in internal combustion engines sometimes.
These knocks are known as “Detonation”.
This term is set up by a high-pressure wave giving a loud pulsating noise as it strikes against the cylinder walls, cylinder head, and piston.
It should be noted that detonation is not pre-ignition but something, which occurs after the spark, has started the ignition.
The process of adding a small quantity of Tetraethyl lead to suppress the detonation in a petrol engine is the term called “Doping”.
If the tetraethyl lead is used in a large proportion, there are chances of engine damage.
This happens due to the deposition of lead oxide in the combustion chamber.
A high-pressure wave is set up in a compression ignition engine (Diesel Engine), which causes knocks. So, this knock is called a “Diesel knock”.
It badly affects the engine efficiency and power drop; also engine runs very rough due to diesel knock.
Read: 6 Proven Methods to Prevent Diesel Knock in Diesel Engine
If a mixture of gases is heated to a very high temperature, the vibrating molecules of different gases make violent encounters.
Resulting in the splitting up of the compound molecules into smaller molecules that recombine to form their compound molecules as the temperature lowered.
The phenomenon is called “Dissociation”.
The dissociation is mainly due to the breaking up of carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide and oxygen.
The process of increasing the weight or density of air-fuel mixture or compressed air, inducted into the cylinder during the induction stroke is the term known as “Supercharging”.
This is achieved by a separate compressor known as a supercharger or blower.
When the atomized fuel injected into the combustion chamber of a compression ignition engine may be burnt efficiently there should be a high relative velocity between the air and fuel so that a thorough mixing takes place.
Hence this is achieved by “Turbulence”.
Besides this information, you are suggested to read something more from below engineering books
To get the more details about the topic, I further recommended reading
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